Chapter 10: Human Resource Management

*Human Resource Management (HRM):
-Formal systems for the management of people within an organization.

*Human Capital:
-The knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees that have economic value.

* HR Planning Process:

*Job Analysis:
-A tool for determining what is done on a given job and what should be done on that job.

*Selection:

Top middle: Interviews. Middle far left: Background checks. Direct Middle: Personality tests.

*Pre- employment Selection Tools:

*Reliability:
-The consistency of test scores over time and across alternative measurements.
 *Vaidity:
-The degree to which a selection test predicts or correlates with job performance.
-Criteria, and content.

*Terination:

*Training:
-Teaching lower-level employees how to perform their present jobs.
*Development:
-Helping managers and professional employees learn the broad skills needed for their present and future jobs.

*Training Methods:

*Performance Appraisal (PA):
-Assessment of an employee’s job performance.

*Feedback:
1.Summarize the employee’s performance, and be specific.
2.Explain why the employee’s work is important to the organization.
3.Thank the employee for doing the job.
4.Raise any relevant issues, such as areas for improvement.
5.Express confidence in the employee’s future good performance.

*Factors affecting Wages:

*Labor Relations:
-The system of relations between workers and management

Chapter 9:

Organizational Agility:

The Responsive Organization:
*Mechanist Organization:
-A form of organization that seeks to maximize internal efficiency.
*Organic Structure:
-An organizational form that emphasizes flexibility.

Advice Network Reveals Knowledge Flow:

*Strategic Alliance:
-A formal relationship created among independent organizations with the purpose of joint pursuit of mutual goals.

*Learning Organization:
-An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights.

*High Involvement Organization:
-A type of organization in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which the business is heading.

The Strategy Triangle:

Customer Relationship Management (CRM):
-A multifaceted process focusing on creating two-way exchanges with customers to foster intimate knowledge of their needs, wants, and buying patterns.

Value Chain (CRM):
-The sequence of activities that flow from raw materials to the delivery of a good or service, with additional value created at each step.

Generic Value Chain:

*Total Quality Management (TQM):
-An integrative approach to management that supports the attainment of customer satisfaction through a wide variety of tools and techniques that result in high-quality goods and services.

*Computer Intergrated Manufacturing (CIM):
-The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to sequence and optimize a number of production processes.

*Flexible Factories:
-Manufacturing plants that have short production runs, are organized around products, and use decentralized scheduling.

*Organizing for Speed: Time based Competition (TBC):
-Strategies aimed at reducing the total time needed to deliver a good or service.

*Time Based Competition:
Just in Time (JIT):
-A system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process just as they are needed.

Chapter 8

Starting for Final:
 Chapter 8:

Fundamentals of Organizing:
*Organization chart:
The reporting structure and division of labor in an organization:

Ceo-> Human Resource-> Middle Management-> Little people.

Conventional Organization Chart:

 *Authority:
-The legitimate right to make decisions and to tell other people what to do.

*Steps in effective Delegation:

*Functional Organization:
-Departmentalization around specialized activities such as production, marketing, and human resources.

 
*Advantages of Functional Organizations:
1. Economies of scale can be realized
2. Effective monitoring of the environment
3. Performance standards better maintained
4. Greater opportunity for specialized training and skill development
5. Technical specialists are relatively free of administrative work
6. Decision making and lines of communication are simple and clearly understood.

*Advantages of Divisional Functional Organizations:
1. Information needs are managed more easily
2. People have a full-time commitment to a particular product line
3. Task responsibilities are clear
4. People receive broader training

*Divisional Organization:

*Matrix Organizational Structure:

*The Network Organization:

*Coordination By Standardization:
-Standardization:
Establishing common routines and procedures that apply uniformly to everyone.

-Formalization:
The presence of rules and regulations governing how people in the organization interact.

*Managing high Information Processing Demands:

MISC

Psychological Conflict: (ex) Difficulty making a decision.

Non programmed decisions: are New complex decisions that have no "proven" answers.

Why mangers ignore problems: Uncertainty in how much time or energy will be spent upon the project.

Contingency Planning: Having a plan for the way things could possibly work in X- number of years. Or a back up plan.

Individual- Level Conflict: (ex) A fight between employees on the first level of management.

Programmed Decisions: Decisions that have been made before, have correct answers, and can be solved using rules, regulations, and policies.

Demographics: (ex) training to rely on entry level workers is a macroenviromental influence.

Economy: (ex) Global stock markets  is an economical macroenvironmental force.

Monitor and Control: A step in the planning process that is sometimes ignored.

Strategic Goals: End results that can relate to long term survival, growth, and value of a company.

Offshoring: When a company moves to another location (wages are lower).

NAFTA: Combined economies of the US, Canada, and Mexico.

IPO: Initial Public Stock Offering.

Franchisee: New Chain Owner.

Bootlegging: Pursuing New ideas on company premises.

Business Jargon from Class.

A little on the edge	Testy, irritable, and/or nervous reactions while working on a task.
Back against the wall	Last opportunity or chance to perform.
Back burner	Not treated as a top priority; not as important as other matters.
Back pedaling	Attempting to correct a mistake or reverse an action that was unsuccessful.
Ballyhooed	Talked about in an exaggerated way.
Bargaining chip	Situation or circumstances that are used to have an advantage in negotiating.
Been there, done that	Prior experience.
Behind the 8 ball	Actions that leave an unfair advantage on last resort in matters.
Being on the front line	Performing tasks that require technical skills.
Below the belt	Unethical or unfair tactics.
Bottom line	The last line in a profit and loss statement; it refers to net profit or lost.
Brightest days	The best of times for a person or organization.
Bring to the Table	Supplying information or facts that can be helpful when decisions have to be made.
Bull market	Situation where the stock market is increasing in value and investors feel it will continue to grow.
CCO	Chief Customer Officer.
Center stage	A very important position.
Champaign taste	Having a desire to purchase premium products and services.
Circle the wagon	Gathering person(s) who provide support and additional resources against opposing actions.
Climbed the ladder	Promoted to higher-level jobs.
Cost of doing business	Expenses necessary before making profit.
Cool under fire	Ability to complete a task under stressful conditions.
Counting on it	Expecting it.
Do the math	Providing specific facts that aid in concluding or summarizing a decision.
E-mail snooped	When someone other than the addressee reads e-mail messages.
Even playing ground/field	Circumstances and/or talents are identical for all participating parties.
Fine tuning	Giving attention to details or precision before final draft.
Free ride	Receiving a favor without incurring any expenses.
From scratch	From the beginning.
Frosting on the cake	Making a good decision even better with additional perfection.
Go for broke	Attempt that is extreme and usually lacks results or final action.
Going down a slippery slope	Actions that are not guaranteed to be successful; speculation.
Going public	A company making stock ownership available to the general public.
Gone off the deep end	Doing something risky, almost crazy–like jumping into the deep end of a swimming pool when you can't swim.
Goofing off	Accounting system for organizations whose purpose is not generating a profit but serving ratepayer, taxpayers, and others according to a duly approved budget.
Gray area	Alternatives that are not clearly determined as positive or negative actions.
Hard and fast rule	Laws and/or restrictions that are not negotiable.
Hard copy	Copy printed on paper.
Head hunter	Person looking for qualified job applicants for a particular job position.
Hearsay	Rumors within the workplace.
Heart	The most important part of something; the central force or idea.
Heart-to-heart talk	Conversation expressing sincere or truthful opinions.
Hi-powered	Top producer or No.1 ranking.
Hot second	Immediately.
Huddle room	Room in a virtual office design used for private meetings or conversations.
If it isn't broken, don't fix it	Don't risk making things worse by changing things that don't need to be changed.
In the black	Company making profit.
In the red	Company losing money.
Jumped headfirst	Began quickly and eagerly without hesitation.
Key player	Important participant.
Kick back and relax	To make a rest.
Know-how	A level of specific expertise.
Let the chips fall as they may	Attempt best move and hope for a great success.
Level playing field	Treating everyone equally.
Loggers	Persons who logged on to the internet.
Measuring stick	Tool used to evaluate or compare something.
Mint condition	In excellent condition or superior results.
Missing the Boat	Failure to understand and/or interpret an action.
More than meets the eye	More than one can see with his or her own eyes; much is happening that is not visible.
Mouse-click away	Ease of doing something by using the computer or Internet.
Muddy the water	Making things even more difficult than they currently are.
Net meeting	Conference call through computer network system.
Out of the office loop	Out of the line of communication that occurs in the workplace.
Out of the loop	Being left out of communication and/or not being included in the decision-making process within an office.
Pass the "smell test"	Circumstances and/or decisions are not illegal or unethical.
Past the smell test	Decision(s) that does not violate rules or policies.
Pave the way	Process of making a task easier.
Perks	Short for perquisites; compensation in addition to salary, such as day care or a company car.
Piece of the action	A share in the opportunity.
Pink slip	A notice that you've lost your job.
Pitch in	To help as needed.
Poster child	Best example.
Pros and cons	Arguments for and against something.
Pulling rank or file	Using hierarchy rank or organizational title/position authority level for making a demand to a subordinate.
Quid pro quo	Latin phrase meaning "something given in return for something else."
Quite a stir	Something that causes a feeling of concern.
Rally the troops	Person who gathers allies to achieve a task.
Read between the lines	Interpreting information that is not obvious or requires cognitive interpretations.
Rubber meets the road	Actions must produce high results.
Sea of information	Lots of information, often too much to process.
Served notice	Giving notification and/or warning about a task or action not being completed.
Shrinking violet	Potential and/or opportunities are not being used that originally were viewed beneficial.
Snail mail	Mail or messages that are not delivered electronically.
Smoking gun	An issue or other disclosure that proves a person or organization has done something wrong.
State-of-the-art	The most modern type available.
Step up to the plate	Willingness to complete a task or deadline within a short notice.
Take a back seat	Actions or decisions are not top priority.
Telephone tag	To leave a telephone message when you attempt to return a message left for you.
Thinking out of the box	Nontraditional and/or creative ideas or suggestions.
Throwing money out the window	Decisions that are not beneficial that could have even been avoided.
Time in the trenches	Working with the other employees and experiencing what they contend with as opposed to managing from an office and relying solely on reports about what is happening in the workplace.
Time is money	Time devoted to complete a task/job has monetary value.
TMI (too much information)	Providing unrelated information and excessive information prior to a decision.
To take a break	To slow down and do something besides work.
Toys off the table	Attendees at a meeting are not allowed to place dissenting gadgets on conference tables, i.e. cell phones, back bag/laptop.
Trigger-happy	Term that refers to people reacting too fast to the circumstances facing them in a difficult situation.
Turn a blind eye	Ignore something of importance.
Turn the work off	Stop working.
Up for grabs	Opportunities are available for everyone.
Used as a buffer	An example and/or replacement is used as a filler and task is completed.
Walk out the door	Leave the company; quit your job.
Watching over your shoulder	Looking at everything you do.
We want to look you in the eye	Persons are requesting a meeting in person.
Win-win situation	Negotiations in which all parties are pleased with final decisions.
Working out the kinks	Eliminating any restrictions or stumbling blocks before completing a task.
Working under a deadline	Completing a task that has a specific due date.
Your calling	A person's performance on the job that reflects superior skill levels.
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